Arrangement for deadening the recoil of firearms and the like



N. JLA. GAL'LIOT AND G. H. L. e. BORY.

ARRANGEMENT FOR DEADENING THE RECOIL 0F FIREARMS AND THE LIKE. APPLICATIQN FILED APR. 10. 1918.

E Patente i Mar. 9, 120.

UNTTED STATES PATENT @FFTQE.

NORBERT JULES ANDRE GALLIOT, OF COURBEVOIE, AND GEORGES HENRI LOUIS GASTON BORY, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ARRANGEMENT FUR DEADENING THE RECOIL OF FIREARMS AND THE LIKE.

Application filed April 10, 1918.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, NoRBnR'r J ULES AN- DRE GALLIOT, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of 3 Rue Auguste Bailly, Courbevoie, France, and GEORGES HENRI LoUIs GASTON BoRY, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of 17 Rue de la Trmoille, Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Arrangement for Deadening the Recoil of Firearms and the like, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an improved arrangement or device for deadening the recoil in fire-arms and .the like, of the type intended to be fixed upon the front extremity of the fire-arms and in which the gases from the explosion are, at their exit from the barrel, stopped, laterally deflected and thrown back exteriorly toward the rear of the fire-arm.

These arrangements comprise a nozzle, fixed according to the axis of the barrel and intended to effect the maximum acceleration of the gaseous stream before sending it into deflecting passages in which are continued both the expansion and the speed-acceleration of this gaseous stream.

But such arrangements do not entirely achieve the objects intended; infact the nozzle was not arranged immediately at the exit from the barrel of the fire-arm or the like, and there was either an interposed chamber of convexsection between the barrel and the nozzle (in which chamber eddies might occur) or an interposed chamber having a wall against which the gases passing out from the barrel made forcible contact any other chamber; (2) a single deflection surface is employed, of a shape generated by the revolution of a parabolic are around the axis of the nozzle. By means of the present invention, not only is a greater efliciency obtained, so that the recoil may be diminished by even as much as 80% or 90%, but the Specification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 227,790.

. lightness, simplicity and strength of the ap the barrel; the interior diameter of this twyer allows the passage of the projectile; it is determined in such a way as to obtain a methodic expansion of the explosion gases as complete as possible, and its interior surface is perfectly straight and polished to increase the efiiciency. Upon the free extremity of this twyer is mounted a cover a screwed interiorly upon a screw-threaded cylindrical sleeve a which is the end of the twyer; this cover 0 is provided with a central cylindrical pipe 0 comprising grooves 0 in such a way as notably to prevent or 'reduce the passage of the gases during the instant the projectile traverses this pipe, with suflicient play not to be influenced during its course. The cover is provided, upon its face turned toward the firearm, with a groove 0 generated by the revolution of a parabolic are around the longitudinal axis of the twyer and of the barrel; thus there is obtained an arrangement similar to a turbine blade-guide which causes the streams of gas to be turned aside at their maximum speed with the least possible friction. The

rear edge of the twyer a also affords a similar arrangement at a so as to permit the movement and the expansion of the gaseous streams with the minimumof disturbances and of eddies.

These streams of gas escape exterior-1y toward the rear by way of openings a formed in the twyer and separated one from another by solid portions of. such profile as to offer the least possible resistance to the flow of the gases. The angle of the escape to the longitudinal axis of the barrel of the firearm is variable and determined in each case by the efficiency to be obtained and the necessity for not sending the gases back to the head of the firer.

Patented Mar. 9, 1920. r

. The working of this arrangement is the following: The projectile leaving the-extremity of the barrel 1) enters the twyer a and passes through the cylindrical conduit 0 of the cover; during this time, the explosion gases acquire by expansion in the twyer a considerable speed; finding at the turbine like bladeguide and the escape openings a an easy exit, they enter therein and are thrown back toward the rear thereby producing in the blade-guide aforesaid a forward reaction due to their kinetic energy; this reaction detracts from the impulse of the recoil and balances it in considerable proportions which are well determined in each case, and these can be regulated by suitably choosing the angle of escape for the gaseous streams, or by varying the escape area of the openings a for instance, by movable rings or by any other appropriate method.

This arrangement can be applied to all kinds of firearms, whether portable such s rifle, machine gun, to .pieces of artillery of any ca l1ber, to guns or trench mortars as well as to'pneumatic guns or engines, or to guns or engines operating by explosive gases.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, We declare that what we claim is 1. A recoil deadener for fire-arms comprising a nozzle of convergent-divergent truncated double cone shape adapted to be mounted directly at the muzzle of the gun barrel, and an end closure for said nozzle having acentral opening for the passage of the projectile therethrough, and a single annular gas escape passage opening from the interior to the exterior of the nozzle, the Wall of said passage formed by the end closure comprising two merging parabolic curves each generated by the revolution of a parabolic are around the axis of the nozzle, substantially as described.

2. A recoil deadener for guns comprising a nozzle co-axial with the gun muzzle and arranged in extension thereof, said nozzle being of truncated cone shape toward its outer end to afford an expansion chamber, an end closure for the nozzle having a central opening for the passage of the projectile therethrough, and a reflex lateral gas escape passage opening from the interior to the exterior of the nozzle at the closure diaphragm, said passage being of increasing cross-section toward its discharge end to accelerate the escape of gases therethrough.

3. A recoil deadener for guns comprising a nozzle co-axial with the gun muzzle and arranged in extension thereof, said nozzle being of truncated cone shape toward its outer end to afford an expansion chamber, the greatest diameter of which is at least twice that of the gun bore, an end closure being of truncated cone shape toward its outer end to afford an expansion chamber,

an end closure diaphragm having a central opening for the passage of the projectile therethrough, the wall of said, opening reentering the expansion chamber and its outer surface being extended outward from a point within the nozzle to a point exterior to the end. of the nozzle, and reflexed to afford with the mouth of the expansion chamber a lateral reflex passage of gradually increasing cross-sectional area to accelerate the escape of gases therethrough. I

5. A recoil deadener for guns comprising a nozzle co-axial with the gun muzzle and arranged in extension thereof, said nozzle being of truncated cone shape toward its outer end to afford an expansion chamber, and having a supporting flange of greater diameter than the discharge mouth of the expansion chamber but carried by the latter, together with an 'end closure member secured to said carrier flange and having a central opening for the passage of the projectile therethrough, and a channeled surface facing the expansion chamber and affording with the discharge end of the latter a reflex psasage forthe lateral escape of gases from the expansion chamber.

6. A recoil deadener for guns comprising a nozzle co-axialv with the gun muzzle and arranged in extension thereof, said nozzle being of truncated cone shape toward its outer end to afford an expansion chamber, and having a supporting flange of greater diameter than the discharge mouth of the expansion chamberbut carried by the latter. together with an end closure member secured to said carrier flange and having a central opening for the passage of the projectiletherethrough, and a channeled surface facing the expansion chamber and affording with the discharge end of the latter a reflex passage of gradually increasing cross-sectional area for the lateral escape of gases from the expansion chamber.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

NORBERT JULES nmmi GALLIOT. GEORGES HENRI LOUIS GASTON BORY. Witnesses:

CHARLES DONY, M. DEFP'JVRIMONT. 

